Mischa Taylor's Coding Blog. Update November 1. Update for Digital. Ocean 0. 8x provider using API V2. Introduction. Test Kitchen supports a wide variety of different providers via Test Kitchen drivers besides the default kitchen- vagrant driver. In this post, we’ll cover several popular alternatives. Test Kitchen drivers are gem libraries available for download from http: //rubygems. Use the kitchen driver discover command to list all the Test Kitchen gems currently available. Here is a list of all the Test Kitchen drivers as of this writing: $ kitchen driver discover. Gem Name Latest Stable Release. By default, Test Kitchen defaults to using the kitchen- vagrant driver. When you run the kitchen init command to add Test Kitchen support to a project, you can add the - -driver=< gem_name> option to have Test Kitchen generate configuration files using another driver of your choice. For example, the following command would use the kitchen- azure driver: kitchen init - -create- gemfile - -driver=kitchen- azure. As shown in the following diagram the environments supported by Chef- releated drivers fall into four different categories: desktop virtual machines, public/private cloud providers, Linux containers and physical machines. We’ll cover representative examples from each category in this appendix. Desktop Virtualization. Test Kitchen uses the kitchen- vagrant driver to work with desktop virtualization providers, like Virtual. Box, VMWare Fusion, VMWare Workstation and Hyper- V. Since the kitchen- vagrant driver is just a shim on top of Vagrant for Test Kitchen, any provider that Vagrant supports should be supported by the kitchen- vagrant driver. It is important to clarify that as of this writing, the kitchen- vagrant driver assumes that the virtualization provider is installed locally on the host machine. As shown in the following diagram, using the kitchen- vagrant driver, Test Kitchen creates a sandbox environment virtual machine locally on your host: Test Kitchen invokes the kitchen- vagrant driver to create a virtual machine instance. Linux (/ ˈ l ɪ n ə k s / ( listen) LIN-əks or, less frequently, / ˈ l aɪ n ə k s / LYN-əks) is a Unix-like computer operating system assembled under the model. Current File (2) 2014/10/28 2014/11/12 John Wiley & Sons Information Technology & Software Development Adobe Creative Team. Adobe Press Digital Media. In the case of the kitchen- vagrant driver, Vagrant itself contains all the logic to work with different types of virtualization software. The kitchen- vagrant is just a small shim to allow Test Kitchen to use Vagrant to work with virtual machine instances. In this example, Vagrant uses the Virtual. Box API to spin up a virtual machine instance for our sandbox environment. Once the sandbox environment is running, Test Kitchen links the instance for communication. Test Kitchen treats the data center versions of VMware, like v. Center/v. Sphere/ESXi as a cloud provider. To Test Kitchen the data center editions are handled as if there were cloud instances, as v. Center/v. Sphere/ESXi merely a private cloud on a local LAN or corporate WAN instead of a public cloud over the Internet. As of this writing, the kitchen- openstack and kitchen- ssh drivers support v. Sphere data center virtualization with Test Kitchen. VMware Fusion/VMware Workstation desktop virtualization. You can use VMware desktop virutalization with kitchen- varant instead of Oracle VM Virtual. Box. It requires the purchase of the Vagrant VMware plugin from https: //www. USD $7. 9 per seat. The VMware plugin works with VMware Workstation 9 and 1. Windows/Linux and VMware Fusion 5, 6 and 7 on Mac OS X. On Mac OS X/Linux, you may have multiple virtualization solutions installed alongside VMware. On these platforms, you can use both VMware and Virtual. Box baseboxes at the same time, for example, if you have enough system resources. On Windows, you must make a choice, as only one virtualization solution can be installed at a time. Once you have purchased the VMware plugin and received a license file, you can install the Vagrant plugin and license with the following: For VMware Workstation (on Windows/Linux): $ vagrant plugin install vagrant- vmware- workstation. For VMware Fusion (on Mac OS X): $ vagrant plugin install vagrant- vmware- fusion. After you install the VMware plugin and license file and want to use VMware, you’ll need to get VMware baseboxes. Currently Virtual. Box and VMware baseboxes are not interchangeable. Once the VMware plugin and license has been installed, you’ll need to change your . VMware. You can specify the VMware provider name in the platforms section of your . Modify the . kitchen. If you are using VMware Workstation, use the vmware_workstation provider name. For VMware Fusion, the provider name should be vmware_fusion. ![]() ![]() You’ll also need to change the box_url line to point at a box file which has Vmware Tools installed, as box files are not guest tool agnostic. For this book, box files have been provided for both VMware and Virtual. Box via Vagrant. Cloud, so you can use the same box_url line. Synced folders work the same as with Virtual. Box. Just add a synced_folders: block to the driver: section with a list of folders to map between the guest and the host. Each entry in the list contains an array with two parameters. The first parameter is a path to the directory on the host machine. ![]() If the path is relative, it is relative to the . The second parameter is an absolute path specifying where the folder is shared on the guest machine. The . kitchen. yml examples that follow map the current working directory on the host to the directory /vagrant on the guest, like so.. VMware Workstation . VMware Fusion . kitchen. S ecuring your Linux server is important to protect your data, intellectual property, and time, from the hands of crackers (hackers). The system administrator is. Once you modify the . VMware instead of Virtual. Box: $ kitchen create default- centos. Starting Kitchen (v. Creating < default- centos. Bringing machine 'default' up with 'vmware_fusion' provider.. Cloning VMware VM: 'learningchef/centos. Install Git Server On Freebsd Vs Linux OperatingThis can take some time.. Checking if box 'learningchef/centos. Verifying vmnet devices are healthy.. Preparing network adapters.. Fixed port collision for 2. Now on port 2. 20. Starting the VMware VM.. Waiting for the VM to finish booting.. The machine is booted and ready! Forwarding ports.. Setting hostname.. Configuring network adapters within the VM.. Waiting for HGFS kernel module to load.. Enabling and configuring shared folders.. Users/misheska/github/learningchef/learningchef- code/chapa. Machine not provisioning because `- -no- provision` is specified. Vagrant instance < default- centos. Finished creating < default- centos. Kitchen is finished. Test Kitchen Cloud Drivers. The following diagram shows how the Test Kitchen cloud drivers create a sandbox environment. The main difference between using a cloud provider and desktop virtualization is that the sandbox environment lives remotely on another machine. Test Kitchen communicates with the sandbox environment remotely over SSH, usually on the Internet. Test Kitchen invokes the specified driver (like kitchen- ec. Cloud provider drivers communicate with the cloud provider using the appropiate cloud API. Normally this is an HTTP API. The cloud provider spins up an instance to serve as our sandbox environment. Once the sandbox environment is running, Test Kitchen links the instance to your local development workstation for remote communication, usually over SSH. All Test Kitchen commands work with the remote sandbox environment transparently. As far as the user experience with Test Kitchen goes, it behaves as if it were a local desktop virtualization environment. As of this writing, all of the Test Kitchen Cloud drivers do not support synchronized folders. All kitchen commands automatically copy your project files to the sandbox environment, as Test Kitchen uses scp to transfer files from your host to the remote cloud instance. For any other file sharing beyond what is supported by Test Kitchen, you’ll need to use a Cloud Provider- specific mechanism, such as Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS). Digital. Ocean Cloud Provider (kitchen- digitalocean)kitchen- digitalocean Setup. Go to https: //cloud. Generate new token button to generate a new Personal Access Token using. API. Make sure you check the optional Write scope when you. Write scope is necessary for the Digital. Ocean Cloud. provider to function correctly. Record the personal access token that is generated when you click on the. Generate new token button, as shown below: Add the new access token to your ~/. DIGITALOCEAN_ACCESS_TOKEN: export DIGITALOCEAN_ACCESS_TOKEN="1. Collect SSH public keys from the computers which need access to your sandbox. Visit https: //cloud. SSH keys. Once you’ve added the SSH keys(s), use the following curl command to get the. Digital. Ocean SSH Key IDs: curl - X GET https: //api. How do I grep recursively? If you only want to follow actual directories, and not symbolic links, grep - r "thing. To. Be. Found" directory. If you want to follow symbolic links as well as actual directories (be careful of infinite recursion), grep - R "thing to be found" directory. Since you're trying to grep recursively, the following options may also be useful to you: -H: outputs the filename with the line. So if you want to find all files containing Darth Vader in the current directory or any subdirectories and capture the filename and line number, but do not want the recursion to follow symbolic links, the command would begrep - rn. H "Darth Vader" . If you want to find all mentions of the word cat in the directory /home/adam/Desktop/Tom. And. Jerry. and you're currently in the directory /home/adam/Desktop/World. Domination. Plot. RH "cats" ./Tom. And. Jerry #relative directory. RH "cats" /home/adam/Desktop/Tom. And. Jerry #absolute directory. Source: running "grep - -help"A short introduction to symbolic links, for anyone reading this answer and confused by my reference to them.
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